Finding the right web hosting company can be a challenge. But with a little bit of knowledge, you can find a web host that is perfect for whatever site you plan to run.
Website Basics
A web host is a service that will host the various files you need for a website.
These include HTML files, styling information, databases, graphics, media files, and more. Every website uses a slightly different mix of software, code, and multimedia, and there are a variety of different configurations you can go for.
Websites are written using a mishmash of different computer languages. HTML is a markup language used to describe the structure of websites, and every server will support it. The same goes for CSS, which is also used to describe what that structure looks like. Every server supports these because these are languages that run on the client's machine, the visitor accessing the website. This is also why Javascript has seen such wide adoption.
Where things begin to get interesting is when you look for a server-side scripting language. These run on the servers themselves, managing the task of getting data to the client machines. Often scripting languages dynamically write HTML, letting the server alter how a page looks. The most popular choice for this style of scripting language is PHP, and most hosts support it. But a few other languages have seen some major gains recently, including Ruby, Python, Javascript and Clojure.
Different Types of Web Hosting
While the web hosting world is full of variations and unique configurations, there are two types that are more popular than the rest: dedicated hosting and virtual private servers.
Dedicated hosting is where one machine is dedicated to your website. You get all the resources available to the server, including its ram, storage space, and internet pipe. Going for a dedicated server gives you the best stability and control, though it comes at a steep price. Dedicated servers cost far more than other options. Of course, if you operate a larger site, you need that.
Virtual Private Servers, or VPS, are the other most common configuration. A VPS takes a dedicated server and slices it up into several smaller servers. Each VPS only has access to a fraction of the total power of the server, but this is what lets the provider get away with offering such competitive pricing.
You do need to be careful with VPS. While some hosts do offer guaranteed ram, many don't. If one server suddenly gets hit with a traffic spike, they can claim more ram and slow down your site. If your site then gets hit with a traffic spike, well, your customers are going to be denied access to your site.
This is actually a common problem. Many budget VPS providers oversell their capacity under the name of "unlimited" plans. So if you are planning on investing in a VPS, make sure you go with a company that is honest about its offerings.
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